Scientific Method Advanced Quiz 5
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Advanced Quiz 5
1. Why is blinding important in clinical trials?
It prevents bias from influencing results
It increases the placebo effect
It decreases the sample size
2. Which of these is an example of a Type I error in hypothesis testing?
Concluding there is an effect when there is none (false positive)
Concluding there is no effect when there is one (false negative)
Measuring the wrong variable
3. What is the main purpose of using a control group?
To provide a baseline for comparison with the experimental group
To increase the placebo effect
To reduce the number of variables
4. What is meant by “external validity”?
The extent to which results can be generalized to other situations
The accuracy of measurements within the study
The use of randomization
5. What is a case study?
An in-depth analysis of a single subject or group
A randomized controlled trial
A systematic review
6. Which of these is an example of publication bias?
Journals are more likely to publish studies with positive results
Publishing all results regardless of outcome
Using a double-blind design
7. What is meant by “statistical power”?
The probability that a study will detect an effect when there is one
The size of the sample
The number of trials conducted
8. What is the main goal of the scientific method?
To objectively investigate questions and explain natural phenomena
To prove personal opinions
To avoid publishing negative results
9. Why should advanced studies clearly report their methods and analysis in detail?
So other researchers can replicate and evaluate the work
So the study is harder to understand
So only positive results are visible
10. When multiple high‑quality studies disagree, what is usually the most scientific next step?
Conduct further research or meta‑analysis to investigate the reasons for the differences
Choose the result that matches personal opinion
Ignore all previous studies
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